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How West Indians perceive "racial" categories
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jagirl32
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PostPosted: Sun 02 Mar 2008 05:32    Post subject: Re: Something you posted in response to my post when i first Reply with quote

Frank, No i did not give him any permission



fwsweet wrote:
anonymouse wrote:
fwsweet wrote:
anonymouse wrote:
I have read about your racial makeup in the other thread. You asked my opinion and based on my experiences and observations I gave it. Being called black neither changes nor negates the fact that you have a mixed background.

In another thread in another forum, jagirl32 invited anonymouse to express an opnion regarding jagirl32's "racial" label. Anonymouse said that jagirl32 is Black, no matter how she feels about it. This was technically not a violation of rule 2.5 because the opinion was by invitation. However, Jagirl32 has not given such an invitation in this thread. Hence, Anonymouse will stop commenting on jagirl32's "racial" label in this thread immediately or be suspended.

She asked me direct question about her racial label in this thread and asked me to comment on it. So why do you say that by answering it I have committed a rules violation?
jagirl32 wrote:
anon did you read and understand my racial make up? why should i say that i am black and black only when its ovious that i am not?

Well, that does not look to me like jagirl32 is giving permission to comment on her "racial" identity. Let's ask her. If she agrees that she implicitly gave you permission to comment on her identity in this thread, which is supposed to be scholarly topics about the Caribbean Basin, then you are off the hook. But you must stop it anyway because your opinion criticizes her choice, and that is a violation of 2.6, which does not depend on anyone giving permission.
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jagirl32
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PostPosted: Sun 02 Mar 2008 06:07    Post subject: Re: Something you posted in response to my post when i first Reply with quote

"Anon, I agree with your statemenT to Jamerican that being black does not change or negates someone with a mixed background."

beauty my mother is black(with a white great grandmother and a half black and indian great grandfather i might add) and my father was chinese french indian jewish and now after speaking to my uncle scottish as well; his mixture does not include black. now if this is'nt the meaning of mixed my girl, i don't know what the meaning is. Confused



Beauty wrote:
anonymouse wrote:
jagirl32 wrote:
became a memeber.

You obviously haven't spent time around West Indians. Oh and her nationality is/could be Jamaican too. Jamaica grants citizenship if either parent is a Jamaican citizen.

@ jagirl32

If you would ask me you are Jamaican American (born jamerican lol) or just black (notice I didn't say African American). Not sure what you look like but Jamaicans would probably call you a brownin. But you still black. Most West Indian blacks no matter what they look like are mixed.
For example I have a friend from Trinidad who is a dougla (black & east indian for those who don't know) but feature wise she looks like an everyday black woman with "regular" black hair. As far as she is concerned she is black.


an interesting as well as racist post.

anon did you read and understand my racial make up? why should i say that i am black and black only when its ovious that i am not?

and as for how i look? the way i look is not going to change the fact that i am very mixed dear. Rolling Eyes


Have I deprived you of civil liberties based upon your race or ethnicity? Have I denigrated you based upon your race or ethnicity? Have I made claims about the limits of your intellect based upon your race or ethnicity? If you cannot answer yes to any of those questions praytell how am I a racist? And how/where have I made a racist post?

I have read about your racial makeup in the other thread. You asked my opinion and based on my experiences and observations I gave it. Being called black neither changes nor negates the fact that you have a mixed background. But unless you look like Tami Chynn and have an ambiguous phenotype, very few people in the Anglophone West Indies would refer to you as mixed.


Correct me if I am wrong but it appears that you believe being called




black is a bad thing.


Hi Anon, I just want to clarify something with you. Can you please explain what do you mean by most West Indians are mixed regardless of their appearance?

Anon, I agree with your statemenT to Jamerican that being black does not change or negates someone with a mixed background. However, I disagree only those with an ambigous phenotype are recognised as mixed. I am wondering where you have got this perspective from? Correct me if I am wrong but you are Bajan? Is this where you got your perspective from. If so I am suprised because my experiences of Bajan people contradict what you say. I am from a Jamaican background and mixed people are definately acknowledge. My experiences of other West Indians mirror this.
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Beauty
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PostPosted: Sun 02 Mar 2008 13:24    Post subject: Re: Something you posted in response to my post when i first Reply with quote

Quote:
[quote="jagirl32"]"Anon, I agree with your statemenT to Jamerican that being black does not change or negates someone with a mixed background."

beauty my mother is black(with a white great grandmother and a half black and indian great grandfather i might add) and my father was chinese french indian jewish and now after speaking to my uncle scottish as well; his mixture does not include black. now if this is'nt the meaning of mixed my girl, i don't know what the meaning is. Confused


Jamerican, my statement to Anon was a general one. It was not directed towards you. I am not disputing whether you are mixed or black. I am not concerned with how you identify.
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fwsweet
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PostPosted: Sun 02 Mar 2008 13:30    Post subject: Reply with quote

I'm confused. Who is "Jamerican"? We have no member here by that name.
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Beauty
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PostPosted: Sun 02 Mar 2008 14:09    Post subject: Reply with quote

Sorry Frank. I meant Jagirl32.
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gs56ca
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PostPosted: Wed 12 Mar 2008 04:15    Post subject: Reply with quote

fwsweet wrote:
Anonymouse's posting privilege is hereby suspended until midnight, January 3, 2008 for violating paragraphs 1.22 and 3.2 of The Rules. Specifically, Anonymouse made an improbable claim and failed to provide a source when asked. The claim was that all West Indians would consider a person in the sample photo above to be "black." Rather than providing a source, Anonymouse treated the administrator's request as a challenge and defended his rules violation with five evasions as follows:

1. Anonymouse said he was talking only about Trinidadians, rather than all West Indians. In fact, his words were (post 33955): "for her to say she isn't sure whether she is black, spanish, indian or white would be looked upon as a foolish statement by any West Indian...."

2. Anomymouse repeatedly denied that the Caribbean islands of Spanish culture are part of the West Indies.

3. Anonymouse implied that by claiming West Indian heritage, he was exempt from having to provide sources for his assertion (post 33959): "I am West Indian and I know my people. And as a West Indian I have a better grasp of race, racial identities, racial politics and racial struggles than a non-west indian." This is not only arrogant and ignorant, but it insults the many scholars of every nation who have spent years studying "racial" perception in the West Indies and whose peer-reviewed published works are part of the curriculum at all three campuses of the University of the West Indies.

4. Anonymouse demanded that the administrator provide sources to disprove Anonymouse's original claim (post 33963): "you say my statements are contradicted by Harry Hoetink yet I fail to see where Mr. Hoetink addresses the population of Trinidad & Tobago. Please show me where my statements regarding race, racial identity in Trinidad & Tobago are contradicted by Mr. Hoetink." No. It does not work that way. Anonymouse made an implausible statement of fact. He was asked to provide sources as per the rules. The administrator made no statement of fact (other than the Caribbean islands of Spanish culture are part of the West Indies, which any map will confirm). Having made no factual claim, the administrator is under no obligation to provide sources.

5. Anonymouse implied that it is impossible to study the varying ways that people of the West Indies perceive "race." He wrote (post 33963): "22 hours to do what? Query the population of Trinidad & Tobago? This is absurd." If Anonymouse believes that the only way to defend his original implausible claim is to "query the population of Trinidad & Tobago," then he should not have made the claim. But in fact, many scholars of "racial" perception have conducted detailed studies in all of the West Indies, especially in Trinidad and Tobago. Among these are: Oliver Cromwell Cox, Caste, Class, and Race: A Study in Social Dynamics (Garden City NY: Doubleday, 1948); Winthrop D. Jordan, "American Chiaroscuro: The Status and Definition of Mulattoes in the British Colonies," in Slavery in the New World: A Reader in Comparative History, ed. Laura Foner and Eugene D. Genovese (Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1969); F. James Davis, Who is Black?: One Nation's Definition (University Park PA: State University of Pennsylvania, 1991); Hilary Beckles, A History of Barbados: From Amerindian Settlement to Nation-State (Cambridge UK, 1990); Eric Foner, Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution (New York, 1988); Arnold A. Sio, "Marginality and Free Coloured Identity in Caribbean Slave Society," in Caribbean Slave Society and Economy: A Student Reader, ed. Hilary Beckles and Verene Shepherd (New York, 1991); and of course, the most highly respected expert on the topic, Harry Hoetink, Caribbean Race Relations: A Study of Two Variants (London: Oxford University, 1971).

As mentioned above, in my administrator's role I have no obligation to "disprove" Anonymouse's implausible claim about the West Indies, nor even just about Trinidad. Nevertheless, in my pedagogical role I must point out the most glaring inaccuracy in Anonymouse's claim: Every expert on the subject, as well as every Jamaican, Barbadian, and Trinidadian of my acquaintance whom I have asked to examine the photo, agree that the person in question would be considered "coloured," not "black" in the Anglophone West Indies. Indeed, a three-label system is the hallmark of "racial" perception in every former British colony outside of North America. As a matter of fact, until recently, coloured and black Trinidadians even had different privileges under island law.

Legal History of the Color Line, Chapter 6, Discontinuity wrote:
Coloured people in the British West Indies also form an intermediate group between Europeans and those of strong African appearance. ... White clubs were closed to members of the Coloured group in the early colonial period, and members of this middle group were not allowed to vote, hold public office, hold military commissions, marry members of the White group, or inherit significant property from a member of the White group. But by the year 1733, these restrictions had been lifted for the intermediate group in Jamaica, Barbados, and Trinidad. They were retained for their respective Black groups until the twentieth century.(14)

Legislation, court decisions, and social custom in Jamaica, Trinidad, and Barbados treated members of the Coloured group as distinct from members of the Black group.(15) According to one scholar, "The English… encountered the problem of race mixture in very different contexts in their several colonies; they answered it in one fashion in their West Indian islands, and in quite another in their colonies on the continent," and, "The contrast offered by the West Indies is striking."(16) In post-emancipation Jamaica, the beleaguered White population allied with the Coloured elite (the descendants of the famous Maroons) to keep down the free Blacks.(17) A Barbadian historian wrote, "In August 1838, some 83,000 blacks, 12,000 coloureds, and 15,000 whites, embarked on a social course which the ruling elite hoped to charter."(1Cool A historian of Trinidad wrote, "The people of colour were marginal to Caribbean society: neither black nor white, neither African nor European…."(19)

(For the peer-reviewed footnotes to the above, see Features of Today's Endogamous Color Line.)

Donning my administrator's hat once again, I now question whether Anonymouse has any connection to Trinidad or to the British West Indies. He is apparently ignorant of the island usages of "black" versus "coloured." He unfamiliar with the names of the scholars whose works form the basic history curriculum taught on the islands. He has apparently never set foot in any of the campuses of the University of the West Indies. This site does not ask that members provide any personal information (real name, address, profession, etc.). But Anonymouse has implied that his claim of having Trinidadian roots exempts him from the rules. I suggest that this claim is spurious and that this will affect his credibility in the future.



dog, do you have to be so hard on the guy. We all get what he meant. Studies or not, we got it.
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fwsweet
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PostPosted: Wed 12 Mar 2008 10:09    Post subject: Reply with quote

gs56ca wrote:
do you have to be so hard on the guy.

I do not consider the above suspension "hard." The suspension quoted above was only for one week. Anonymouse is currently under a different, more recent two-week suspension for similar behavior, which suspension will end this coming Friday. His next suspension will be for one month. As is explained in paragraph 5 of The Rules:
Quote:
Regardless of which rule you violate, the process of suspension is the same. A moderator will warn you and try to help you comply. If you persist in violation or defy a moderator your membership level will be dropped to level 2 (no posting privileges except private messages and site management) for a time period that increments by powers of two. In other words, your first suspension will be for for one week, the second for two weeks, the next for one month, then two months, then four months, etc.

If you have a suggestion on how to improve The Rules, please post it in the "Site Management" forum.
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gs56ca
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PostPosted: Wed 12 Mar 2008 20:44    Post subject: Reply with quote

fwsweet wrote:
gs56ca wrote:
do you have to be so hard on the guy.

I do not consider the above suspension "hard." The suspension quoted above was only for one week. Anonymouse is currently under a different, more recent two-week suspension for similar behavior, which suspension will end this coming Friday. His next suspension will be for one month. As is explained in paragraph 5 of The Rules:
Quote:
Regardless of which rule you violate, the process of suspension is the same. A moderator will warn you and try to help you comply. If you persist in violation or defy a moderator your membership level will be dropped to level 2 (no posting privileges except private messages and site management) for a time period that increments by powers of two. In other words, your first suspension will be for for one week, the second for two weeks, the next for one month, then two months, then four months, etc.

If you have a suggestion on how to improve The Rules, please post it in the "Site Management" forum.


lol
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William
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PostPosted: Wed 12 Mar 2008 20:46    Post subject: Reply with quote

gs56ca wrote:
fwsweet wrote:
gs56ca wrote:
do you have to be so hard on the guy.

I do not consider the above suspension "hard." The suspension quoted above was only for one week. Anonymouse is currently under a different, more recent two-week suspension for similar behavior, which suspension will end this coming Friday. His next suspension will be for one month. As is explained in paragraph 5 of The Rules:
Quote:
Regardless of which rule you violate, the process of suspension is the same. A moderator will warn you and try to help you comply. If you persist in violation or defy a moderator your membership level will be dropped to level 2 (no posting privileges except private messages and site management) for a time period that increments by powers of two. In other words, your first suspension will be for for one week, the second for two weeks, the next for one month, then two months, then four months, etc.

If you have a suggestion on how to improve The Rules, please post it in the "Site Management" forum.


lol


What's so funny?
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divana
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PostPosted: Thu 05 Jun 2008 04:22    Post subject: Reply with quote

I read the article. Most Trinis in my family and plenty others in my experience would likely not be fazed by anything this woman said in the article. Who in Trini would be surprised that she has mixed ancestry? Plenty do, likely the majority.

If she doesn't refer to herself as black, no big deal. She isn't the first and won't be the last. However, she never made any statements as to any general identity. Further, even if people consider her black, does not mean that is to the exclusion of any other heritage. One thing Trinis know, even if it is sometimes forgotten, is that plenty peoples family mix up.

And for the record, a spanish in Trinidad is not what you may think either. Just look at some of the spanish that sing parang.

It's really not that serious.


Last edited by divana on Thu 05 Jun 2008 13:32; edited 1 time in total
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divana
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PostPosted: Thu 05 Jun 2008 04:38    Post subject: Re: Something you posted in response to my post when i first Reply with quote

anonymouse wrote:
But unless you look like Tami Chynn and have an ambiguous phenotype, very few people in the Anglophone West Indies would refer to you as mixed.


Not true at all. Every nation is not the same. Are you trying to tell me that the black caribs in Dominica, for example, are not thought about as mixed peoples? People refer to others as dougla (and other mixes) all the time in certain islands - and douglas looks all kind of ways.

anonymouse wrote:

Yes I am Bajan and my viewpoints have been shaped by my experiences. I grew up in a West Indian household, spent a lot of time in Barbados growing up (when flights were cheap and covered by my parents), have a large extended very social family, was active in a church comprised primarily of West Indians, was active in West Indian culture: WIS (West Indian Society) in high school, CSA (Caribbean Students Association) in college and have always been a part of the West Indian community. My coming of age was spent in some of the nicest and some of the seediest West Indian clubs in Brooklyn & Queens (Tilden Hall, Borokeet, High Room, Q Club, etc.). Many people are shocked that even tho I was born here my everyday speaking voice is accented. I help run a West Indian bar in the Adams Morgan neighbourhood in DC owned by 2 of my closest friends.


Barbados is not representative the entire English-speaking West Indies - period. The entire dynamic of the island would be different in many ways to Guyana, Trinidad, the Cayman Islands and surely others, simply because of the ethnic background of the population alone. The West Indies is a very diverse region. We have plenty similarities amongst ourselves and also numerous differences.
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PostPosted: Thu 05 Jun 2008 12:44    Post subject: Re: Something you posted in response to my post when i first Reply with quote

dahlin wrote:
anonymouse wrote:
But unless you look like Tami Chynn and have an ambiguous phenotype, very few people in the Anglophone West Indies would refer to you as mixed.


Not true at all. Every nation is not the same. Are you trying to tell me that the black caribs in Dominica, for example, are not thought about as mixed peoples? People refer to others as dougla (and other mixes) all the time in certain islands - and douglas looks all kind of ways.



And your point is?



anonymouse wrote:

Yes I am Bajan and my viewpoints have been shaped by my experiences. I grew up in a West Indian household, spent a lot of time in Barbados growing up (when flights were cheap and covered by my parents), have a large extended very social family, was active in a church comprised primarily of West Indians, was active in West Indian culture: WIS (West Indian Society) in high school, CSA (Caribbean Students Association) in college and have always been a part of the West Indian community. My coming of age was spent in some of the nicest and some of the seediest West Indian clubs in Brooklyn & Queens (Tilden Hall, Borokeet, High Room, Q Club, etc.). Many people are shocked that even tho I was born here my everyday speaking voice is accented. I help run a West Indian bar in the Adams Morgan neighbourhood in DC owned by 2 of my closest friends.


dahlin wrote:
Barbados is not representative the entire English-speaking West Indies - period. The entire dynamic of the island would be different in many ways to Guyana, Trinidad, the Cayman Islands and surely others, simply because of the ethnic background of the population alone. The West Indies is a very diverse region. We have plenty similarities amongst ourselves and also numerous differences.


I never said it was. I don't know why you jumping in old (and completed) conversation and stating the obvious. What is the point?
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fwsweet
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PostPosted: Thu 05 Jun 2008 12:58    Post subject: Re: Something you posted in response to my post when i first Reply with quote

anonymouse wrote:
And your point is?

The point seems clear to me. It was to point out that you posted a factually innaccurate claim. (There was no suggestion whether the inaccuracy was due to ignorance or to deliberate falsification.)

anonymouse wrote:
I don't know why you jumping in old (and completed) conversation and stating the obvious. What is the point?

Please see The Rules paragraph 4.4: "If you feel that some topics should not be discussed in public, keep it to yourself (unless it is porn or spam, of course). The fact that a thread on the topic is active means that other members find it valuable." The reason for the rule is that every member has the same right to post on a topic as any other member.
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divana
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PostPosted: Thu 05 Jun 2008 13:31    Post subject: Re: Something you posted in response to my post when i first Reply with quote

anonymouse wrote:


And your point is?

I never said it was. I don't know why you jumping in old (and completed) conversation and stating the obvious. What is the point?


The point is that there are a myriad of perceptions and experiences across the West Indies. Secondly, this thread is quite current as it has been discussed this year and is not a closed discussion.

Have a nice day.

...and thank you fwsweet...
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caribj
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PostPosted: Sat 07 Jun 2008 23:58    Post subject: Reply with quote

The reality is that the Anglophone Caribbean isnt a monolithic group. Different nations have different colonial backgrounds, some thoroughly British as Barbados and Jamaica and others with more diverse colonial bcakgrounds such as Trinidad or St Lucia. In Trinidad and Guyana where "mixed" might have nothing to do with black and white mixed origins clearly who is "mixed" will differ from the more racially monolithic countries.

The French were more liberal in accepting light skinned mulattos who were "white looking" into the "white" category. Not so the British especially in Barbados, The Bahamas, and Bermuda (they were more "tolerant" in Jamaica and the Leeward Islands) where the ODR rule strictly defined who was "white" and who was mulatto. This even though a mixed category also developed to divide those of mixed African and European backgrounds from those of mainly African stock.

In fact Barbadian white elites used to be quite skeptical of socalled "whites" from other parts of the Anglophone Caribbean where ODR rules were less rigorously applied to exclude people of mixed ancestry from being embraced within the white society. There was a deep fear that a "white looking" person might be NOT "pure" white, risking the scandal of kids produced from the marriage who were "throw backs" who looked mulatto. In Jamaica, the Leewards and the British colonies with French colonial elites there was less of this paranioa.



Also the distinctions between who is considered "mixed" and who is considered "black" has become blurred because being considered "black" no longer carries the social stigma that it once did now that a sizeable % of the professional/management class are of predominant African descent. In fact anonymous states, and dahlin doesnt exactly preclude, that some people looking like this woman might call themselves or be called "black", especially if most of their relatives are.

The point is that its no longer a major issue in most places. How important it is might be more dependant on the attitudes of their family than by any general societal rule. I can well imagine that people descended from the "old money" mulattos will be more concerned about this than some one who is light skinned but with numerous dark skinned relatives.

What is definitely true is that there is a "mixed" category in the Anglophone Caribbean. What is however not true is that there is a highly defined notion as to who fits into that category. Hence this argument.

I saw recently some one describing Barbados as 97% black. My eyebrows were raised as this could only be so if "brown" Bajans were now being classified as "black". This certainly would not have been the case as recently as 20 years ago. Maybe with the upper middle class now being mainly "black" arguing about who is "black" and who is "brown" is no longer an issue of great importance in Barbados. This especially as the political power is firmly in the hands of blacks, a fact that the white elites might be only too aware of.

So rather than saying "black" and "brown" some folks might now just say "black". It might also be that now there is less of a stigma of "blackness" "browns" might be more willing to socialize with and even marry "blacks". What I do know is that this topic seems a whole lot less important and discussed than it would have been 40 years ago.


Last edited by caribj on Sun 08 Jun 2008 18:10; edited 1 time in total
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PostPosted: Sun 08 Jun 2008 03:10    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
What is definitely true is that there is a "mixed" category in the Anglophone Caribbean. What is however not true is that there is a highly defined notion as to who fits into that category. Hence this argument.



In Trinidad we can surmise that if the French creole culture (Caucasians,free Mulatto's and their slaves ) was not inundated with English speaking immigrants from the other British West Indian Colonies when the British took over the island, a well defined Mixed Category may have been in existence in Trinidad in this present day.
As it happens the island became a Colony in the true sense and any culture that may have given it a mix identity was never defined..
Now concerning who fits into what Category, that will be a bit tricky and confusing, for instance if you think of the Dougla ( the offspring of a person of African and Indian descent ) where does he or she fit into a mixed class that has largely featured children of European and African descent within the Anglo Caribbean.
The Dougla was not born out of Slavery, nor is he or she a product of rape, a Dougla is not constantly trying to be closer to one of it's parent Socially .
Even though history tells of Afro/Indo relations have been going on for a long time, the large amount of Douglas we see today is still a recent thing.
So where will they fit into the scheme of things, in their world they could choose to belong anywhere , they are not tied to any Historical experience.
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divana
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PostPosted: Sun 08 Jun 2008 11:19    Post subject: Reply with quote

Caribj and Spiral...good posts.
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caribj
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PostPosted: Sun 08 Jun 2008 17:34    Post subject: Reply with quote

Spiral wrote:


In Trinidad we can surmise that if the French creole culture (Caucasians,free Mulatto's and their slaves ) was not inundated with English speaking immigrants from the other British West Indian Colonies when the British took over the island, a well defined Mixed Category may have been in existence in Trinidad in this present day.
As it happens the island became a Colony in the true sense and any culture that may have given it a mix identity was never defined..
Now concerning who fits into what Category, that will be a bit tricky and confusing, for instance if you think of the Dougla ( the offspring of a person of African and Indian descent ) where does he or she fit into a mixed class that has largely featured children of European and African descent within the Anglo Caribbean.
The Dougla was not born out of Slavery, nor is he or she a product of rape, a Dougla is not constantly trying to be closer to one of it's parent Socially .
Even though history tells of Afro/Indo relations have been going on for a long time, the large amount of Douglas we see today is still a recent thing.
So where will they fit into the scheme of things, in their world they could choose to belong anywhere , they are not tied to any Historical experience.


Yes this points out the complexity of color/race/ethnicity in the Anglophone Caribbean. On visits to Grenada, and St Lucia (which remained more thoroughly French creole than did Trinidad, especially the latter island) I noted that the "old money" crowd are fair skinned mulattos who may loosely call, or be called "white". There appears to have been a continuum without obvious break between whites and mulattos.

That would have never been tolerated in Barbados, which is precisely why they rigidly implemented ODR rules to exclude any who were not "pure" white, even while they also implemented a "colored" group to act as a buffer against the more numerous blacks. I have heard that white Bajan elites were quite perturbed if any of their kids produced a potential marriage partner from Trinidad or any of the smaller islands for the reason that they were not properly vetted to ensure absence of the "tar brush".

One other complication of Trinidad and Guyana is that you have the old black and white mixtures, some of whom enjoyed great socio-economic prestige merely for being "brown". This is juxtaposed against the newer mixtures of African, East Indian, Amerindian and Chinese, which dont enjoy that historical priviledge many being no better off than are their black relatives.

Even Hoetink, when he wrote about color/race/ethnicity in the nonHispanic Caribbean in the late 1960s,m admitted that his analysis would not be relevant to Trinidad (and Guyana and Suriname and Belize) with its more complex ethnic mix. In any case 40 years later much has changed.
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PostPosted: Sun 08 Jun 2008 18:32    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
One other complication of Trinidad and Guyana is that you have the old black and white mixtures, some of whom enjoyed great socio-economic prestige merely for being "brown". This is juxtaposed against the newer mixtures of African, East Indian, Amerindian and Chinese, which dont enjoy that historical priviledge many being no better off than are their black relatives.



Yes the "other" Admixtures may not of come into money or have ready access to it because of their skin color, but in TnT because of people making use of education, their has been a rapid climb socially and economically, which is causing some friction, this is especially so for the East Indian Community.
Someone said (I can't remember if it was a now deceased UWI professor or someone else ) the problems in Trinidad are not race related but of class.
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